How does a centrifugal pump work and what are its advantages?

TR centrifugal pump is a newly developed supporting pump for oil and gas drilling solids control equipment. It provides power for desanders, desilters, and jet slurry mixing devices. It is suitable for conveying corrosive drilling fluids with suspended particles or other liquid media with similar working conditions. It can also serve as an auxiliary priming pump for mud pumps and a feed pump at the wellhead.

Working Principle of Centrifugal Pump

A centrifugal sand pump operates based on the principle of centrifugal force. When the pump is started, the motor drives the impeller to rotate at high speed. The liquid gains kinetic energy from the impeller and flows outward along the impeller blades. At the impeller outlet, the liquid's velocity is converted into pressure energy, creating a high-pressure zone, which propels the liquid continuously out of the pump outlet. Simultaneously, due to the low-pressure zone inside the impeller, the external liquid is drawn into the pump under the influence of atmospheric pressure, resulting in a continuous conveying process.

Structural Features

Impeller: The impeller of a centrifugal sand pump is typically made of wear-resistant materials, such as high-chromium alloy and cemented carbide, to mitigate the wear and tear of sand-laden liquids. The impeller design also takes into account the flowability of sand particles to minimize clogging and wear.

Pump Body: The pump body is the main component of a centrifugal sand pump, typically made of cast iron or cast steel, offering excellent strength and corrosion resistance. Internal flow channels are designed to guide liquid through the pump body smoothly.

Sealing: The sealing system of a centrifugal sand pump is crucial for preventing liquid leakage. Common sealing methods include mechanical seals and packing seals. Mechanical seals offer advantages such as good sealing performance and long life, but are more expensive. Packing seals are less expensive but require regular packing replacement.

Bearings and shafts: Bearings and shafts are key components supporting the rotation of the impeller. Centrifugal sand pumps typically use rolling bearings or plain bearings to ensure smooth rotation of the impeller. The shaft is made of high-strength material to withstand the torque and radial forces generated by the rotating impeller.

Advantages of Centrifugal Sand Pumps

High Conveying Efficiency: Centrifugal sand pumps can continuously and stably convey sand-laden liquids with high conveying efficiency.

Excellent Wear Resistance: The impeller and pump body are made of wear-resistant materials, which can withstand the wear of sand particles and extend the service life.

Wide Application: Centrifugal sand pumps are suitable for conveying sand-laden liquids of various concentrations, as well as larger sand particles.